{"id":468673,"date":"2020-10-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-19T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/knowledge-base\/how-do-proxy-servers-work\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T08:43:14","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T08:43:14","slug":"how-do-proxy-servers-work","status":"publish","type":"knowledge-base","link":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/how-do-proxy-servers-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Proxy Sunucular\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Proxy sunucusunun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fart de\u011fildir ancak farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan baz\u0131 avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Araya bir proxy sunucusu yerle\u015ftirilerek iste\u011fin ger\u00e7ek kayna\u011f\u0131, yani kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kimli\u011fi ve konumu gizlenebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Fonksiyonun temelleri<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli, isteklerin h\u0131zl\u0131 ve amac\u0131na uygun bir \u015fekilde i\u015flenmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in birlikte yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fc\u00e7 temel unsura dayanmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IP adresi<\/li>\n<li>Liman<\/li>\n<li>Protokol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130nternete eri\u015febilen her cihaz\u0131n kendine ait bir IP adresi vard\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6rt say\u0131sal diziden olu\u015fur. Her dizi bir sonrakinden bir nokta ile ayr\u0131l\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin 123.123.123.123).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469519\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469519\" style=\"width: 634px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-469519 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_1_eng.png\" alt=\"Proxy adresi sekizlisi nedir\" width=\"634\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_1_eng.png 634w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_1_eng-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469519\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Resim.2.1: IP adresi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bu say\u0131 dizilerine teknik dilde sekizli denir. Diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarlar, y\u00f6nlendiriciler, sunucular, telefonlar ve yaz\u0131c\u0131lar gibi di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok cihaz\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bu cihaza ba\u011fl\u0131 olan kendi adresleri vard\u0131r. IP adresi co\u011frafi konumu, sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 ve \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131, evdeki bir kap\u0131ya benzetilebilir ve ev ilgili cihazla e\u015fitlenir. Kap\u0131dan di\u011fer cihazlarla ileti\u015fim sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131, IP adresinin arkas\u0131nda iki nokta \u00fcst \u00fcste i\u015faretiyle ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131sal bir de\u011fer olarak ayarlan\u0131r (\u00f6rn. 123.123.123.123 : 8080).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469520\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469520\" style=\"width: 818px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-469520 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_2_eng.png\" alt=\"Proxy adresi ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 nedir\" width=\"818\" height=\"306\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_2_eng.png 818w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_2_eng-768x287.png 768w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_2_eng-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 818px) 100vw, 818px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469520\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Resim 2.2: IP adresi ve ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Cihazlar aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fim diline protokol denir. Bu bir format da olabilir. En \u00f6nemli ve ayn\u0131 zamanda en iyi bilinen formatlar \u015funlard\u0131r: <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-http-and-https-proxies\/\">HTTP<\/a> Ve <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-socks-proxies\/\">SOCKS<\/a>. Ba\u015fka protokoller de vard\u0131r, ancak bunlar nadiren kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469521\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469521\" style=\"width: 664px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-469521 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_3_eng.png\" alt=\"En pop\u00fcler proxy sunucu protokolleri\" width=\"664\" height=\"503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_3_eng.png 664w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_3_eng-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469521\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Resim.2.3: Proxy protokolleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Proxy sunucusuna yap\u0131lan istekler i\u00e7in prosed\u00fcr<\/h2>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr taleplerde internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 istemci olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130stemci bir internet sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bir istek g\u00f6nderir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n IP adresi kimlik tespiti amac\u0131yla iletilir. \u0130stek, i\u00e7eri\u011fe eri\u015febilecek sunucuya g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n<p>Buna yan\u0131t olarak, istenen bilgiler IP adresine, yani PC&#039;ye veya di\u011fer internet \u00f6zellikli cihaza geri g\u00f6nderilir. Ancak proxy sunucusu hedef sunucu de\u011fil. Bu nedenle proxy sunucusu, internet \u00f6zellikli cihaz ile hedef sunucu aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir arac\u0131 olarak da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469522\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469522\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_4_eng.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-469522 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_4_eng.png\" alt=\"Bir sitenin hedef sayfas\u0131na bir proxy sunucusu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla nas\u0131l istek yap\u0131l\u0131r?\" width=\"1200\" height=\"609\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_4_eng.png 1200w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_4_eng-768x390.png 768w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scheme_1_2_4_eng-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469522\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Resim.2.4: \u0130stemci \u2013 hedef sunucu ileti\u015fiminin \u015fematik g\u00f6sterimi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Buna g\u00f6re talep iki hamlede yap\u0131l\u0131r. Uygulamada bu, iste\u011fin proxy sunucusuna kendi IP adresiyle g\u00f6nderilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Proxy sunucusu daha sonra iste\u011fi IP adresiyle birlikte ilgili sunucuya iletir. Buna yan\u0131t olarak bilgi, yani sayfan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi, proxy sunucusuna geri g\u00f6nderilir ve sunucu da onu istemciye iletir.<\/p>\n<p>Proxy sunucusunun konumunun, i\u015flevi ve somut prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7bir etkisi yoktur. Ancak sayfalardaki bilgiler proxy sunucunun IP adresine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir. Her \u00fclkenin farkl\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri ve k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r ve buna g\u00f6re uyulur. Farkl\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n ileti\u015fimi farkl\u0131 olabilir. Ancak temel prosed\u00fcr t\u00fcm cihazlar i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kal\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The use of a proxy server is not a must, but it has some advantages that become apparent with different user behavior. By interposing a proxy server, the actual origin of the request, i.e. the identity and location of the user, can be concealed. Basics of the function The way it works is based on [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":469529,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"kb-categories":[67],"class_list":["post-468673","knowledge-base","type-knowledge-base","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kb-categories-proxy-server-basics"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge-base"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468673\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":469528,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468673\/revisions\/469528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/469529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=468673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kb-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb-categories?post=468673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}