{"id":468695,"date":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/knowledge-base\/what-are-http-and-https-proxies\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T12:27:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T12:27:44","slug":"what-are-http-and-https-proxies","status":"publish","type":"knowledge-base","link":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-http-and-https-proxies\/","title":{"rendered":"HTTP ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1846 size-full\" title=\"HTTP Proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/scheme_3_2_1_1.png\" alt=\"HTTP Proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri\" width=\"840\" height=\"193\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok proxy sunucu t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcrler protokole, aktif kullan\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131na (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-shared-proxies\/\">payla\u015f\u0131lan proxy&#039;ler<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-private-proxies\/\">\u00f6zel vekiller<\/a>, Ve <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-virgin-proxies\/\">bakire vekiller<\/a>), atanan IP adresinin t\u00fcr\u00fc (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-free-or-public-proxies\/\">halka a\u00e7\u0131k veya \u00fccretsiz proxy&#039;ler<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-residential-proxies\/\">konut vekilleri<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-mobile-proxies\/\">mobil proxy&#039;ler<\/a>, Ve <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-data-center-proxies\/\">veri merkezi proxy&#039;leri<\/a>) ve IP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-ipv4-and-ipv6-proxies\/\">IPv4 ve IPv6 proxy&#039;leri<\/a>). Ancak bu makale, protokol kategorisine g\u00f6re proxy kapsam\u0131na giren HTTP ve HTTPS proxy&#039;lerine odaklanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak \u00f6nce HTTP proxy&#039;lerinin ve HTTPS proxy&#039;lerinin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 protokolleri tart\u0131\u015fal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h2><b>HTTP ve HTTPS&#039;yi Anlamak<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>HTTP nedir?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>K\u00f6pr\u00fc Metni Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc veya HTTP, istemci uygulamalar\u0131 (web taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve web uygulamalar\u0131 gibi) ile web sunucular\u0131 (veya web kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc sunucular\u0131) aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran, durum bilgisi olmayan, uygulama d\u00fczeyinde bir protokold\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bu bir katman 7 protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr (veya uygulama katman\u0131 protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr), yani sunucu ile istemci aras\u0131nda veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir ve bunun tersi de ge\u00e7erlidir. HTTP genellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli veri t\u00fcrlerinin aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 destekler. Bunlar topluca hipermedya olarak bilinen metin, video ve ses verilerini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir istemci, sunucuda saklanan bu verilere eri\u015fmek istedi\u011finde bir HTTP iste\u011fi g\u00f6nderir. Genel olarak HTTP iste\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>HTTP y\u00f6ntemini (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE vb.), HTTP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da) ve iste\u011fin hedefiyle ilgili ek bilgileri (ana bilgisayar ad\u0131 ve ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131) belirten bir istek sat\u0131r\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7erezler gibi ek bilgileri saklayan ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stek mesaj\u0131n\u0131n metni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130ste\u011fin al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve mesaj\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine sunucu, istenen verileri i\u00e7eren bir HTTP yan\u0131t\u0131 g\u00f6nderir.<\/p>\n<h4><b>HTTP Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTP&#039;nin i\u015flevlerini tek ba\u015f\u0131na yerine getirmedi\u011fini belirtmekte fayda var. Asl\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcne ko\u015fuyor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/computer-science\/transport-layer-protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ta\u015f\u0131ma katman\u0131 protokolleri<\/a> (katman 4), \u00f6rne\u011fin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techtarget.com\/searchnetworking\/definition\/TCP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ge\u00e7i\u015f kontrol protokol\u00fc<\/a> (TCP) ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/en-gb\/learning\/ddos\/glossary\/user-datagram-protocol-udp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fc<\/a> (UDP). \u00dcstelik o d\u00f6nemde var olan IP protokol\u00fc \u00fczerine de kurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<p>Bu katman 4 protokolleri, kendi a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan, bir sunucu ile bir istemci (a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 cihazlar) aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi kurar, y\u00f6netir ve kapat\u0131r. Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, TCP ve UDP, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc katman\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulunan a\u011f uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n (HTTP kullanan uygulamalar dahil) birbirleriyle istemci-sunucu veya noktadan noktaya ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130leti\u015fim kurulduktan sonra HTTP art\u0131k verileri iletmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7er. TCP veya UDP, ileti\u015fimin sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak ileti\u015fimi y\u00f6netir ve veri iletimi durdu\u011funda bu katman 4 protokolleri ileti\u015fimi kapat\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle TCP ve UDP, birbirleriyle &#039;konu\u015fan&#039; web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 numaralar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Dikkat edilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer nokta, en son s\u00fcr\u00fcm olan HTTP\/3&#039;\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n, ileti\u015fimin ta\u015f\u0131ma katman\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u00e7in TCP yerine QUIC kullanmas\u0131d\u0131r. (<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Glossary\/QUIC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HIZLI<\/a> UDP&#039;de uygulanan \u00e7oklanm\u0131\u015f bir aktar\u0131m protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr.)<\/p>\n<h4><b>HTTP&#039;nin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTP, Tim Berners-Lee ve ekibinin yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131ll\u0131k geli\u015fiminin ard\u0131ndan ilk kez 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. O zamandan bu yana protokol bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ge\u00e7ti. <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTTP\/Basics_of_HTTP\/Evolution_of_HTTP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evrim<\/a> Bu, \u00e7ok say\u0131da de\u011fi\u015fiklik ve iyile\u015ftirme g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve \u00e7e\u015fitli HTTP s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu s\u00fcr\u00fcmler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>HTTP\/0.9 (1991&#039;de tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/1.0 (1996&#039;da standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/1.1 (1997&#039;de tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131 ve standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/2 (2015&#039;te standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/3 (2022&#039;de tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>HTTPS nedir?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>HTTP internette yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan pop\u00fcler bir protokol olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ba\u015fta g\u00fcvenlik olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 eksiklikleri vard\u0131r. HTTP ile t\u00fcm bilgiler a\u00e7\u0131k metin olarak iletilir. Bu nedenle sald\u0131rganlar taraf\u0131ndan kolayl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilir. Asl\u0131nda verilerin kredi kart\u0131 bilgileri, \u015fifreler, kullan\u0131c\u0131 adlar\u0131, telefon numaralar\u0131, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik numaralar\u0131, adres bilgileri ve daha fazlas\u0131 gibi hassas veriler i\u00e7erip i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi endi\u015fe verici olabilir. G\u00fcvenlik bilmecesini \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in HTTPS tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6pr\u00fc Metni Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc G\u00fcvenli (HTTPS), HTTP yoluyla iletilen t\u00fcm verileri \u015fifreleyen g\u00fcvenli bir HTTP protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr. HTTPS, web sunucusunun kimli\u011fini do\u011frulamak ve verileri korumak i\u00e7in G\u00fcvenli Yuva Katman\u0131 (SSL) veya Aktar\u0131m Katman\u0131 G\u00fcvenli\u011fi (TLS) protokol\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131r. SSL, verileri g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in anahtarlar (genel ve \u00f6zel anahtarlar) ve dijital sertifikalar kullan\u0131rken, TLS verileri \u015fifrelemek i\u00e7in kriptografiye g\u00fcvenir. TLS ayr\u0131ca hem istemcinin hem de sunucunun kimli\u011fini do\u011frular.<\/p>\n<h4><b>HTTPS&#039;nin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTPS 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturuldu. O zamanlar \u00f6ncelikli olarak SSL kullan\u0131yordu. Ancak 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda TLS kullanan HTTPS standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00f6zlemcilere g\u00f6re TLS&#039;nin kredi kart\u0131 \u00f6demeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u0131llar ald\u0131. Bunun nedeni \u00f6zellikle TLS sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n kurulum ve maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ek teknik bilgi gerektirmesidir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alanlar i\u00e7in bunlar uygun de\u011fildi. Ancak web bar\u0131nd\u0131rma hizmetleri ve bulut \u015firketlerinin \u00fccretsiz \u015fifreleme sertifika programlar\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ve HTTPS&#039;yi \u00fccretsiz sunmas\u0131yla manzara de\u011fi\u015fti. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2017\/01\/half-web-now-encrypted-makes-everyone-safer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0130nternetin yar\u0131s\u0131 \u015fifrelendi<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Temel bilgileri bir kenara b\u0131rakarak, \u015fimdi HTTP proxy&#039;sinin ve HTTPS proxy&#039;sinin ne oldu\u011funa, benzerliklerine, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na ve kullan\u0131mlar\u0131na odaklanal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h2><b>HTTP Proxy&#039;si nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>HTTP proxy&#039;nin ne oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klamadan \u00f6nce \u015funu anlayal\u0131m: <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-is-a-proxy-server\/\">proxy sunucu nedir<\/a>. Proxy sunucusu veya proxy, bir web istemcisi ile bir web sunucusu aras\u0131nda bulunan bir arac\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nternet trafi\u011fini kendi \u00fczerinden y\u00f6nlendirerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te isteklerin kayna\u011f\u0131 ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak hareket eder. Genel olarak, her biri belirli bir i\u015flevi yerine getirmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da proxy sunucusu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda, m\u00fc\u015fteri ad\u0131na hareket edecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f vekiller vard\u0131r; b\u00f6ylece isteklerin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131rlar. Bu t\u00fcr proxy&#039;lere ileri proxy&#039;ler denir. \u00d6te yandan, baz\u0131 proxy&#039;ler sunucu ad\u0131na hareket edecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu rol\u00fc yerine getirirken, isteklerin sona erdi\u011fi ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Bu t\u00fcr proxy&#039;lere ters proxy&#039;ler denir. Bu arada, HTTP proxy&#039;leri, yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi konuma ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ileri proxy&#039;ler veya ters proxy&#039;ler olarak hareket edebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Peki, HTTP proxy sunucusu nedir? HTTP trafi\u011fini yaln\u0131zca kendi \u00fczerinden y\u00f6nlendiren bir proxy sunucusudur. HTTP proxy, bir t\u00fcr protokol tabanl\u0131 proxy&#039;dir. <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/what-are-socks-proxies\/\">SOCKS5 proxy&#039;leri<\/a>. Bununla birlikte, esasen bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ileti\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanan SOCKS5 proxy&#039;sinden farkl\u0131 olarak, HTTP proxy&#039;nin y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 bir i\u00e7erik filtresi g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rmesi ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>HTTP proxy normalde 80, 8080, 8008 ve 3128 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla HTTP trafi\u011fini dinler. Ayr\u0131ca HTTPS trafi\u011fini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/docs\/en\/rtw\/8.7.1?topic=setup-modifying-configuration-settings-httptcp-proxy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 3129<\/a>. \u00c7o\u011funlukla ayr\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lsa da, \u00f6zellikle yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z uygulama zaten bir proxy sunucusu kullan\u0131yorsa, onu mevcut bir proxy&#039;ye ba\u011flayabilirsiniz. Bu d\u00fczenleme zincirleme bir proxy olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTP Proxy T\u00fcrleri<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>\u0130ki t\u00fcr HTTP proxy&#039;si vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>HTTP \u0130stemci Proxy&#039;si<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Tipik olarak, bir HTTP istemci proxy&#039;si, istekleri bir sunucuya veya hedef hedefe iletmeden \u00f6nce kendisine (arac\u0131 olarak) iletir. Bu nedenle isteklerin kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bir HTTP istemci proxy&#039;si, giden t\u00fcm HTTP isteklerini ve gelen HTTP yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kendisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6nlendirir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te HTTP iste\u011finin ve yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm i\u00e7eri\u011fini yorumlar. Ayr\u0131ca, HTTP iste\u011finin belirli i\u00e7eriklerini, kurallara uygun olduklar\u0131 s\u00fcrece de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/ct-guidelines\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Web \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme Proxy&#039;leri Y\u00f6nergeleri<\/a>. Genel olarak, HTTP istemci proxy&#039;leri, kullan\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131s\u0131, kabul, kabul-karakter k\u00fcmesi, kabul-encoding, kabul-dil, x-forwarded-for ve via dahil olmak \u00fczere belirli HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Ayr\u0131ca istek y\u00f6ntemini HEAD&#039;den GET&#039;e veya tam tersi \u015fekilde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2953\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2953\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2953\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1.png\" alt=\"Chrome&#039;da Google.com i\u00e7in Ba\u015fl\u0131k \u0130ste\u011fi\" width=\"512\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2953\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrome&#039;da Google.com i\u00e7in Ba\u015fl\u0131k \u0130ste\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sisteminizi ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bir HTTP istemci proxy&#039;si kullanacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131rmak (bu konuda daha fazla bilgi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r) birka\u00e7 \u015fey yapar. \u0130lk olarak, HTTP URL&#039;lerindeki TCP u\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131 (ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 ve ana bilgisayar ad\u0131), HTTP proxy sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ait olanla de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, orijinal\/ger\u00e7ek ana bilgisayar ve ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmeden \u00f6nce, ilk olarak HTTP URL&#039;lerindekinden farkl\u0131 bir ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 ve ana bilgisayara (proxy&#039;nin ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 ve ana bilgisayar\u0131) bir TCP ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun nedeni, proxy&#039;nin ger\u00e7ek ana bilgisayar\u0131 ve ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren mesaj\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemesidir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bir HTTP proxy, tek bir ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131ndaki istekleri alabilir ve ard\u0131ndan istekleri ve buradaki mesajlar\u0131, HTTP mesajlar\u0131nda bulunan hedef verilere dayal\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 sunuculara ve web sitelerine iletebilir.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>HTTP Sunucusu Proxy&#039;si<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Baz\u0131 durumlarda, bir web sunucusunda bulunanlar gibi baz\u0131 uygulamalar, olu\u015fturucu olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lamaz ve bunun yerine u\u00e7 noktalar olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, web istemcilerine isteklerin hedefi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Bu uygulamalar u\u00e7 nokta olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda HTTP sunucusu proxy&#039;leri olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Anonimli\u011fe G\u00f6re S\u0131ralanan HTTP Proxy T\u00fcrleri<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>HTTP proxy&#039;leri anonimlik derecesine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki HTTP proxy t\u00fcrleri ay\u0131rt edilebilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><i>\u015eeffaf proxy&#039;ler<\/i>: \u015eeffaf proxy&#039;lerde kullan\u0131c\u0131 genellikle proxy ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmez. Proxy ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yaln\u0131zca web sitesi operat\u00f6r\u00fc veya servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u015eeffaf proxy&#039;lerin temel avantaj\u0131, verileri \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alarak ba\u011flant\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><i>Anonim vekiller<\/i>: Anonim proxy&#039;lerle IP adresiniz gizlenir. Bu durumda hedef web sitesi proxy kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rebilir ancak ger\u00e7ek IP adresinizi g\u00f6remez.<\/li>\n<li><i>Proxy&#039;leri bozma<\/i>: Bu t\u00fcr bir proxy sunucusu, hedef web sitesi taraf\u0131ndan proxy olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir ancak yanl\u0131\u015f bir IP adresi iletir.<\/li>\n<li><i>Elit Vekiller<\/i>: Bunlar, proxy hedef web sitesine ba\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan \u00f6nce kullan\u0131c\u0131 verilerini silen anonim proxy&#039;lerdir. Bu t\u00fcr proxy&#039;lerle hedef web sitesi bir proxy&#039;nin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit edemez veya kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n IP adresini tan\u0131mlayamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Hepsi sayg\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/\">vekil sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar<\/a> HTTP proxy&#039;leri olan yaln\u0131zca elit proxy&#039;ler sunar.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTP Proxy Nas\u0131l Kurulur<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6ncelikle bir HTTP istemci proxy&#039;sinin nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131na odaklanacakt\u0131r. Bir web istemcisinin (taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n) HTTP trafi\u011fini bir arac\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6nlendirecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla olu\u015fturulur. Ancak \u015funu belirtmekte fayda var <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/how-to-set-up-proxy-servers-in-the-chrome-browser\/\">Chrome<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/knowledge-base\/how-to-set-up-a-proxy-server-in-the-mozilla-firefox-browser\/\">Mozilla Firefox<\/a>ve di\u011fer pop\u00fcler taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n uygulama i\u00e7i (yerel) proxy sunucu ayarlar\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>Bunun yerine program\u0131n ayarlar\u0131na t\u0131klay\u0131p proxy se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7ti\u011finizde sizi Windows, macOS veya Linux proxy yap\u0131land\u0131rma penceresine y\u00f6nlendirir. Bu ba\u011flamda, bir HTTP proxy olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in i\u015fletim sisteminizi yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z yeterlidir. Bunu yapmak, yaln\u0131zca tercih etti\u011finiz taray\u0131c\u0131yla de\u011fil, di\u011fer t\u00fcm web uygulamalar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, sistem \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir HTTP proxy olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Windows&#039;ta bir HTTP proxy ayarlamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki prosed\u00fcr\u00fc izleyin:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131k pencereler&#039; <b><i>Ayarlar<\/i><\/b> &gt; Se\u00e7 <b><i>A\u011f ve \u0130nternet<\/i><\/b> &gt; \u015eunu se\u00e7in: <b><i>Proxy<\/i><\/b> sekmesi. Alternatif olarak, Proxy sekmesini a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li>\u015euraya gidin: <b><i>Manuel proxy kurulumu<\/i><\/b> b\u00f6l\u00fcm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2954\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2954\" style=\"width: 454px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2954\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/2.png\" alt=\"Windows&#039;un Manuel Proxy Kurulumu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\" width=\"454\" height=\"469\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2954\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Windows&#039;un Manuel Proxy Kurulumu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u00a0Adres alan\u0131na proxy ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131n IP&#039;sini veya adresini girin. Ayr\u0131ca proxy ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131 girin. Proxy sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z size ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>&#039;A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki giri\u015flerle ba\u015flayan adresler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda proxy sunucusunu kullan&#039; kutusunun alt\u0131na proxy servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n URL&#039;sini girin<\/li>\n<li>Daha sonra \u015funlar\u0131 kontrol edin: <b><i>Yerel (intranet) adresler i\u00e7in proxy sunucusunu kullanmay\u0131n<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<li>T\u0131klamak <b><i>Kaydetmek<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>MacOS&#039;ta bir HTTP proxy ayarlamak i\u00e7in izlenecek ad\u0131mlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>T\u0131klamak <b><i>Sistem Tercihleri<\/i><\/b> &gt; Se\u00e7 <b><i>A\u011f<\/i><\/b> &gt; \u00dczerine t\u0131klay\u0131n <b><i>Geli\u015fmi\u015f <\/i><\/b>&gt; \u00f6\u011fesini se\u00e7in <b><i>Proxies<\/i><\/b> sekmesi. Alternatif olarak, web istemcinizi otomatik olarak a\u00e7acak olan web istemcinizi kullanabilirsiniz. <b><i>Proxies <\/i><\/b>sekme<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2955\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2955\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2955\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.png\" alt=\"MacOS&#039;ta Proxy&#039;ler Sekmesi\" width=\"512\" height=\"397\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2955\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">MacOS&#039;ta Proxy&#039;ler Sekmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Ard\u0131ndan, <b><i>Web Proxy&#039;si (HTTP)<\/i><\/b> se\u00e7enek<\/li>\n<li>IP&#039;yi ve ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131 girin <b><i>Web Sunucusu Proxy&#039;si<\/i><\/b> (HTTP proxy&#039;si). Genellikle proxy servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n IP&#039;sini girmeniz ve alana 80, 8080 veya 8008 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131 girmeniz gerekir.<\/li>\n<li>HTTP proxy&#039;nin kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fifresini girin. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifre, servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdaki hesaba eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kimlik bilgileriyle ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>T\u0131klamak <b><i>TAMAM<\/i><\/b><i>.<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Web&#039;de gezinirken g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nemli bir konuysa, HTTP proxy ideal de\u011fildir. \u0130deal olarak arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015fey bir HTTPS proxy&#039;sidir.<\/p>\n<h2><b>HTTPS Proxy&#039;si nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>SSL proxy olarak da bilinen HTTPS proxy, yaln\u0131zca 443 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131ndaki HTTPS trafi\u011fini dinleyen bir arac\u0131d\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, HTTPS trafi\u011fini yaln\u0131zca kendisi \u00fczerinden y\u00f6nlendirir. Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi HTTPS, protokol arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iletilen verileri \u015fifreler. Bu, ba\u015fl\u0131klar ve mesajlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere HTTP isteklerinin ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011felerinin bir \u015fifreleme anahtar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na gizlendi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca u\u00e7 noktada veya sonland\u0131rma noktas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilir veya yorumlanabilirler. HTTPS proxy gibi bir arac\u0131n\u0131n verileri yorumlayabilmesi i\u00e7in u\u00e7 nokta olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ba\u011flamda, bir HTTPS proxy&#039;si, bir TLS veya SSL ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle isteklerin \u015fifresini \u00e7\u00f6zer, i\u00e7eri\u011fini yorumlar, isteklerin belirli y\u00f6nlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirir, \u015fifreler ve son olarak bunlar\u0131 HTTP mesaj\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi ger\u00e7ek hedefe iletir. Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi HTTPS protokol\u00fc sertifikalar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, HTTPS proxy&#039;sinin, trafi\u011fi ama\u00e7lanan hedefe g\u00f6ndermeden \u00f6nce do\u011fru sertifikayla (istemci veya sunucu sertifikas\u0131) \u015fifrelemesi gerekir. \u00d6zellikle, HTTPS proxy&#039;si bir u\u00e7 nokta olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa, Web \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme Proxy&#039;leri Y\u00f6nergeleri&#039;nde belirtildi\u011fi gibi HTTP \u00fcstbilgisinin veya iste\u011finin i\u00e7eri\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemelidir.<\/p>\n<p>HTTPS proxy&#039;leri genellikle \u015fifreleme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek web sunucular\u0131n\u0131 veya web istemcilerini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTPS Proxy T\u00fcrleri<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>\u0130ki t\u00fcr HTTPS proxy&#039;si vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>HTTPS \u0130stemci Proxy&#039;si<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTPS istemci proxy&#039;si, bir web istemcisinden veya dahili a\u011fdan internete ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. HTTPS istemci proxy&#039;sini ayarlamak i\u00e7in proxy&#039;nin y\u00fckl\u00fc oldu\u011fu cihaz taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere bir istemci sertifikas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7e aktarman\u0131z gerekir. Bu, arac\u0131n\u0131n, sanki isteklerin kayna\u011f\u0131 veya yan\u0131tlar\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi verilerin hem \u015fifresini \u00e7\u00f6zmesine hem de \u015fifrelemesine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>HTTPS Sunucu Proxy&#039;si<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTPS sunucu proxy&#039;si, harici web istemcilerinden dahili web sunucular\u0131na internet \u00fczerinden ba\u011flant\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Bir HTTPS sunucu proxy&#039;si, HTTP sunucu proxy&#039;sinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc birincisi sertifikalar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken ikincisi kullanmaz. Bir HTTPS sunucusu proxy&#039;si ayarlamak i\u00e7in web sunucunuz taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan varsay\u0131lan sertifikay\u0131 proxy&#039;ye aktarman\u0131z \u00f6nemlidir. Sertifika, HTTPS sunucusu proxy&#039;sinin verileri \u015fifrelemesini ve \u015fifresini \u00e7\u00f6zmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTPS Proxy Nas\u0131l Kurulur<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Bir HTTPS proxy&#039;sinin kurulumu, yukar\u0131da ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 verilen prosed\u00fcrleri takip eder, ancak kullan\u0131lan ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar vard\u0131r. Her HTTPS proxy olu\u015fturdu\u011funuzda ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 alan\u0131na 443 girdi\u011finizden daima emin olun. Bir macOS cihaz\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, <b>G\u00fcvenli Web Proxy&#039;si (HTTPS) <\/b>bunun yerine se\u00e7enek <b>Web Proxy&#039;si (HTTP)<\/b>. Aksi takdirde prosed\u00fcr b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTPS Proxy Arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Ba\u011flant\u0131 Ne Kadar G\u00fcvenli?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>HTTPS proxy kullanan bir kullan\u0131c\u0131, adres \u00e7ubu\u011funun solunda &quot;kilit simgesi&quot; bulunan bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile hedef sitenin sunucusu aras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm ba\u011flant\u0131 \u015fifrelenir (SSL \u015fifrelemesi):<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469564\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469564\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-469564\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png\" alt=\"HTTPS proxy \u00fczerinden ba\u011flant\u0131 ne kadar g\u00fcvenli?\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png 1200w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469564\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">HTTPS proxy \u00fczerinden ba\u011flant\u0131 ne kadar g\u00fcvenli?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan klavyede girilen t\u00fcm verilerin (oturum a\u00e7ma bilgileri ve \u015fifreler, kredi kart\u0131 numaralar\u0131 vb.), indirilen, y\u00fcklenen veya aktar\u0131lan g\u00f6rsellerin ve videolar\u0131n tamamen gizli kalaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<p><i>Taray\u0131c\u0131 &lt;- &gt; HTTPS-Proxy &lt;-&gt; Hedef sayfa<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Bu, bunlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve hedef web sitesinin sahibi taraf\u0131ndan bilindi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Proxy Hizmeti Trafi\u011fi \u201cDinleyebilir\u201d mi?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r, bu teknik olarak imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Proxy sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir web sitesindeki hesaplar\u0131n \u015fifrelerini hacklemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edebilir. Bu, hedef sitenin giri\u015f sayfas\u0131na eri\u015fim s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bunu kaba kuvvet program\u0131 kullanarak dakikada bir milyon kez s\u0131kl\u0131kta yaparsa bu durum meydana gelecektir.<\/p>\n<h2><b>HTTP Proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri: Benzerlikler ve Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>HTTP ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri Aras\u0131ndaki Benzerlikler<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130stemci taraf\u0131nda veya sunucu taraf\u0131nda yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilirler<\/li>\n<li>HTTP ve HTTPS proxy&#039;leri, kendileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iletilen verileri yorumlar<\/li>\n<li>Proxy&#039;ler ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla trafi\u011fi dinler<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stemci taraf\u0131 proxy&#039;leri t\u00fcm istekleri hedef hedefe iletir<\/li>\n<li>Web kaz\u0131may\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in istemci taraf\u0131 proxy&#039;ler kullan\u0131labilir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>HTTP ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri Aras\u0131ndaki Farklar<\/b><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>HTTP Proxy&#039;leri<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>HTTPS Proxy&#039;leri<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Limanlar<\/b><\/td>\n<td>80, 8080, 8008, 3128 veya 3129 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar<\/td>\n<td>443 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yorlar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>G\u00fcvenlik<\/b><\/td>\n<td>HTTP proxy&#039;leri \u015fifrelenmemi\u015f verileri y\u00f6nlendirir<\/td>\n<td>HTTPS proxy&#039;leri \u015fifrelenmi\u015f verileri y\u00f6nlendirir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Protokol<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Esas olarak HTTP protokol\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131yorlar<\/td>\n<td>\u00d6ncelikle HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131yorlar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Trafik<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Hem HTTP&#039;yi (80, 8080, 8008, 3128 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) hem de HTTPS trafi\u011fini (3129 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) dinleyebilirler.<\/td>\n<td>Yaln\u0131zca 443 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 \u00fczerinden HTTPS trafi\u011fini dinleyebilirler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>HTTP ve HTTPS Proxy&#039;lerinin Kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>HTTP \u0130stemci Proxy&#039;lerinin ve HTTPS \u0130stemci Proxy&#039;lerinin Kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>Web Kaz\u0131ma<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/everything-you-need-to-know-about-web-scraping-6541b241f27e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Web kaz\u0131ma<\/a> web kaz\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar olarak bilinen botlar\u0131 kullanarak web sitelerinden veri \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n otomatik s\u00fcrecini ifade eder. Normalde bu botlar, kaynaklar\u0131 gereksiz yere gasp ederek web sunucular\u0131n\u0131 zorlayabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda veriyi \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck web sitesi art\u0131k veri \u00e7\u0131karma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 durdurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan kaz\u0131maya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler uyguluyor. Neyse ki HTTP proxy&#039;lerini kullanarak bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Veri \u00e7\u0131karma s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda HTTP proxy&#039;leri \u00e7o\u011funlukla g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilir. Bunun nedeni, kaz\u0131y\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisayar\u0131n IP adresini maskeledikleri i\u00e7in yerle\u015fik proxy&#039;lerin, mobil proxy&#039;lerin veya veri merkezi proxy&#039;lerinin tercih edilmesidir. Ayn\u0131 anda farkl\u0131 bir IP adresi atar ve etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i anonimlik sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca ger\u00e7ek IP adresinin engellenmesine veya yasaklanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar. IP adresi periyodik olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilirse engelleme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha da azal\u0131r. Ancak bu makale konut veya veri merkezi proxy&#039;leriyle ilgili de\u011fil. Peki, web kaz\u0131mada HTTP proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS proxy&#039;leri nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p>Belirtildi\u011fi gibi, bir HTTP veya HTTPS proxy&#039;si baz\u0131 HTTP istek ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131s\u0131, dili kabul et, kodlamay\u0131 kabul et ve kabul et, sadece birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 saymak gerekirse. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131s\u0131, i\u015fletim sisteminiz (t\u00fcr ve s\u00fcr\u00fcm), kullan\u0131lan istemci uygulamas\u0131 (web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131) ve taray\u0131c\u0131 motoru hakk\u0131ndaki bilgileri saklar. Bu bilgi, bir web sunucusunun, kendisine eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan cihaz\u0131n ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlamas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Daha sonra bu bilgiyi kullan\u0131c\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015f bir \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i kimlik olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek, bir HTTP proxy ve HTTPS proxy, isteklerin farkl\u0131 cihazlardan geliyormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flayabilir. Bu, veri \u00e7\u0131karma isteklerinin birden fazla cihaz taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi nedeniyle web kaz\u0131may\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>\u0130\u00e7erik Filtreleme<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Bir HTTP istemci proxy&#039;si veya HTTPS istemci proxy&#039;si yaln\u0131zca belirli istekleri iletecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir; bu t\u00fcr isteklerin belirli kurallar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderilmeleri gerekir. HTTP istemcisi 80, 8080, 8008, 3128 veya 3129 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsa eri\u015fim reddedilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ek olarak, HTTPS veya HTTP proxy&#039;nin istemciye giden ve istemciden gelen trafi\u011fi incelerken bakmas\u0131 gereken i\u00e7erik t\u00fcrlerini de belirtmeniz gerekir. \u0130\u00e7erik ayarlarda belirtilen kriterlere uymuyorsa trafik engellenir. Tersine, i\u00e7erik e\u015fle\u015firse arac\u0131dan ge\u00e7mesine izin verilir.<\/p>\n<h4><b>3. <\/b><b>\u0130leti\u015fimin G\u00fcvenli\u011fini Sa\u011flama\u00a0<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Gelen verileri d\u00fcz metinden HTTPS sunucular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilebilecek g\u00fcvenli, \u015fifrelenmi\u015f giden verilere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir HTTP proxy yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ancak bu yap\u0131land\u0131rma ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ancak d\u00fcz metinden SSL ileti\u015fimine ge\u00e7i\u015f yapan ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131 olan 3130 numaral\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, HTTPS proxy&#039;leri ileti\u015fimi \u015fifreleyerek g\u00fcvenli hale getirir. Bu \u015fekilde HTTPS proxy&#039;leri, siber sald\u0131r\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in siber g\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><b>4. <\/b><b>Sosyal Medya Y\u00f6netimi<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>\u015eimdiye kadar, HTTP proxy&#039;lerinin HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi yayg\u0131n bir bilgidir. B\u00f6ylece bu arac\u0131lar kullan\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek isteklerin farkl\u0131 cihazlardan geldi\u011fi yan\u0131lsamas\u0131n\u0131 yaratabilirler. Bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n birden fazla sosyal medya hesab\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131na ve y\u00f6netmesine olanak tan\u0131yabilir.<\/p>\n<h3><b>HTTP Sunucu Proxy&#039;lerinin ve HTTPS Sunucu Proxy&#039;lerinin Kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>Web Sunucusuna Gelen Trafi\u011fi S\u0131n\u0131rlama<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Sunucu taraf\u0131 proxy&#039;leri belirli kurallar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan trafi\u011fi kabul edecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle gereksinimlere uymayan trafi\u011fi engellerler. Bu \u015fekilde sunucunun gereksiz istekleri i\u015flememesini sa\u011flayarak sunucuyu korurlar.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>Web Sunucusunun G\u00fcvenli\u011fini Sa\u011flama<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Sunucu taraf\u0131 proxy&#039;leri web istemcilerinden gelen verilerin \u015fifresini \u00e7\u00f6zebilir ve ard\u0131ndan bunlar\u0131 yorumlayabilir. Bu eylem, istekleri filtrelemelerine, bunlar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m veya di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 dosyalara kar\u015f\u0131 taramalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak web sunucusunu siber sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 korurlar.<\/p>\n<h4><b>3. <\/b><b>S\u0131k Eri\u015filen Dosyalar\u0131 \u00d6nbelle\u011fe Alma<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTP sunucusu proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS sunucusu proxy&#039;leri, resimler ve sayfalar gibi s\u0131k eri\u015filen dosyalar\u0131 depolayabilir. Bu, web sunucusunun serbest kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak, kaynaklar\u0131n daha az yayg\u0131n olan di\u011fer i\u015flemlere tahsis edilmesini sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca web sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklenme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 da art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>HTTP proxy&#039;leri ve HTTPS proxy&#039;leri, \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcvenlik ve i\u00e7erik filtreleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yararl\u0131 arac\u0131lard\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bunlara y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 i\u00e7erik filtreleri de denir. Bunun nedeni, yaln\u0131zca belirli internet trafi\u011finin ge\u00e7mesine izin verecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilmeleridir. Bu proxy&#039;ler ayr\u0131ca web sunucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak, s\u0131k eri\u015filen dosyalar\u0131 depolamak, sosyal medya y\u00f6netimi, web kaz\u0131ma ve daha fazlas\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da ba\u015fka i\u015fleve de hizmet eder.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are many types of proxy servers. These types can be grouped by protocol, number of active users (shared proxies, private proxies, and virgin proxies), the type of IP address assigned (public or free proxies, residential proxies, mobile proxies, and data center proxies), and the IP version (IPv4 and IPv6 proxies). This article, however, shall [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":469574,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"kb-categories":[69,71],"class_list":["post-468695","knowledge-base","type-knowledge-base","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kb-categories-proxy-types","kb-categories-proxies-by-protocol"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge-base"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":469591,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695\/revisions\/469591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/469574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=468695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kb-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb-categories?post=468695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}