{"id":468695,"date":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/knowledge-base\/what-are-http-and-https-proxies\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T12:27:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T12:27:44","slug":"what-are-http-and-https-proxies","status":"publish","type":"knowledge-base","link":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-http-and-https-proxies\/","title":{"rendered":"Proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1846 size-full\" title=\"Proxy HTTP v\u00e0 Proxy HTTPS\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/scheme_3_2_1_1.png\" alt=\"Proxy HTTP v\u00e0 Proxy HTTPS\" width=\"840\" height=\"193\" \/><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m theo giao th\u1ee9c, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-shared-proxies\/\">proxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-private-proxies\/\">proxy ri\u00eang<\/a>, V\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-virgin-proxies\/\">proxy trinh n\u1eef<\/a>), lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-free-or-public-proxies\/\">proxy c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-residential-proxies\/\">\u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n c\u01b0<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-mobile-proxies\/\">proxy di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a>, V\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-data-center-proxies\/\">proxy trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a>) v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n IP (<a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-ipv4-and-ipv6-proxies\/\">Proxy IPv4 v\u00e0 IPv6<\/a>). Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS, thu\u1ed9c proxy theo danh m\u1ee5c giao th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean proxy HTTP v\u00e0 proxy HTTPS.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Hi\u1ec3u HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>HTTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n si\u00eau v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c HTTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web (ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng web).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3 l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp 7 (ho\u1eb7c giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. HTTP th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, video v\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 hypermedia.<\/p>\n<p>Khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP. N\u00f3i chung, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00f2ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c HTTP (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, v.v.), phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n HTTP (b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi) v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng)<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: cookie<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tin nh\u1eafn, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h4><b>HTTP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 HTTP kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/computer-science\/transport-layer-protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/a> (l\u1edbp 4), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techtarget.com\/searchnetworking\/definition\/TCP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Giao th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn<\/a> (TCP) v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/en-gb\/learning\/ddos\/glossary\/user-datagram-protocol-udp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Giao th\u1ee9c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/a> (UDP). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c IP t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp 4 n\u00e0y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng). N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, TCP v\u00e0 UDP cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTTP), t\u1ea1o giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch-m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, HTTP s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. TCP ho\u1eb7c UDP qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp 4 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng giao ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, TCP v\u00e0 UDP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111ang \u201cn\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n\u201d v\u1edbi nhau. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai HTTP\/3, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng QUIC thay v\u00ec TCP cho kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. (<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Glossary\/QUIC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NHANH<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111a k\u00eanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean UDP.)<\/p>\n<h4><b>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a HTTP<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991 sau kho\u1ea3ng hai n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Tim Berners-Lee v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/HTTP\/Basics_of_HTTP\/Evolution_of_HTTP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n HTTP. C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>HTTP\/0.9 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/1.0 (chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a n\u0103m 1996)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/1.1 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/2 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015)<\/li>\n<li>HTTP\/3 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>HTTPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 HTTP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean internet nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. V\u1edbi HTTP, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, s\u1ed1 an sinh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, v.v. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00f3c b\u00faa v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, HTTPS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n si\u00eau v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (HTTPS) l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c HTTP an to\u00e0n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua HTTP. HTTPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c L\u1edbp c\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (SSL) ho\u1eb7c B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u1edbp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (TLS) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. SSL s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a (kh\u00f3a chung v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, trong khi TLS d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. TLS c\u0169ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h4><b>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a HTTPS<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>HTTPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2000, HTTPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TLS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m TLS m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ngo\u00e0i thanh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 TLS y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m chi ph\u00ed. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef web v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y tung ra c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HTTPS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2017\/01\/half-web-now-encrypted-makes-everyone-safer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda trang web \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o proxy HTTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 proxy HTTPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Proxy HTTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch proxy HTTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-is-a-proxy-server\/\">Khong biet<\/a>. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ho\u1eb7c proxy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung gian n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp internet th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. N\u00f3i chung, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng proxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thay m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng sao cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. Nh\u1eefng proxy nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 proxy chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thay m\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n. Nh\u1eefng proxy nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 proxy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, proxy HTTP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 proxy chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c proxy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed di\u1ec5n ra c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eady m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy HTTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTP th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Proxy HTTP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i proxy d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/what-are-socks-proxies\/\">Proxy SOCKS5<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 proxy SOCKS5, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp qua t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, proxy HTTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n<p>Proxy HTTP th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eafng nghe l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTP qua c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng 80, 8080, 8008 v\u00e0 3128. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS qua <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/docs\/en\/rtw\/8.7.1?topic=setup-modifying-configuration-settings-httptcp-proxy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">c\u1ed5ng 3129<\/a>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00f3 v\u1edbi proxy hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. S\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t proxy c\u00f3 chu\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTP<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTP, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 (v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u00ean trung gian) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP g\u1eedi \u0111i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i dung nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/ct-guidelines\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u00e0nh cho proxy chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung web<\/a>. N\u00f3i chung, proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 HTTP c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, b\u1ed9 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, x-forwarded-for v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb HEAD sang GET v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2953\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2953\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2953\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1.png\" alt=\"Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 cho Google.com tr\u00ean Chrome\" width=\"512\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2953\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 cho Google.com tr\u00ean Chrome<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0, theo ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP (xem th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi) s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i TCP (c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) trong URL HTTP th\u00e0nh URL thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p proxy HTTP. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TCP tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c (c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a proxy) kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong URL HTTP tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng g\u1ed1c\/th\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do proxy kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn ch\u1ee9a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, proxy HTTP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tin nh\u1eafn trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 trang web kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 trong tin nh\u1eafn HTTP.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng web nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Khi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng theo t\u00ednh \u1ea9n danh<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Proxy HTTP kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9n danh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTP sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><i>Proxy minh b\u1ea1ch<\/i>: V\u1edbi proxy minh b\u1ea1ch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i proxy. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i proxy ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh trang web ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a proxy minh b\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><i>Proxy \u1ea9n danh<\/i>: V\u1edbi proxy \u1ea9n danh, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u1ea9n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng proxy ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><i>L\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng proxy<\/i>: M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 proxy nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><i>Proxy \u01b0u t\u00fa<\/i>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng proxy \u1ea9n danh x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi proxy c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i proxy n\u00e0y, trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng proxy \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u uy t\u00edn <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/\">nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p proxy<\/a> c\u00f3 proxy HTTP ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p proxy \u01b0u t\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy HTTP<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web (tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTP th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t trung gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/how-to-set-up-proxy-servers-in-the-chrome-browser\/\">Chrome<\/a>, Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i s\u0103n, <a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/knowledge-base\/how-to-set-up-a-proxy-server-in-the-mozilla-firefox-browser\/\">Mozilla Firefox<\/a>v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy (g\u1ed1c) trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn proxy, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh proxy Windows, macOS ho\u1eb7c Linux. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o proxy HTTP, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o proxy HTTP to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy HTTP tr\u00ean Windows, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo quy tr\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>M\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5&#039; <b><i>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/i><\/b> &gt; Ch\u1ecdn <b><i>M\u1ea1ng &amp; Internet<\/i><\/b> &gt; Ch\u1ecdn <b><i>\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n<\/i><\/b> chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf tab Proxy.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn <b><i>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/i><\/b> ph\u1ea7n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2954\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2954\" style=\"width: 454px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2954\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/2.png\" alt=\"Ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Windows\" width=\"454\" height=\"469\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2954\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Windows<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u00a0Tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, nh\u1eadp IP ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp c\u1ed5ng proxy. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p proxy c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li>Trong h\u1ed9p &#039;S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c sau&#039;, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp URL c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 proxy c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfp theo, ki\u1ec3m tra <b><i>Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9)<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t <b><i>C\u1ee9u<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy HTTP tr\u00ean macOS, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m theo:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t <b><i>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/i><\/b> &gt; Ch\u1ecdn <b><i>M\u1ea1ng<\/i><\/b> &gt; B\u1ea5m v\u00e0o <b><i>Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao <\/i><\/b>&gt; Ch\u1ecdn <b><i>Proxies<\/i><\/b> chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf <b><i>Proxies <\/i><\/b>chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2955\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2955\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2955\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/3.png\" alt=\"Tab proxy tr\u00ean MacOS\" width=\"512\" height=\"397\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2955\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tab proxy tr\u00ean MacOS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Ti\u1ebfp theo, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i <b><i>Proxy Web (HTTP)<\/i><\/b> l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eadp IP v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a <b><i>Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web<\/i><\/b> (Http Proxy). Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean nh\u1eadp IP c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 proxy v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng 80, 8080 ho\u1eb7c 8008 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eadp t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a proxy HTTP. T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t <b><i>\u0110\u01af\u1ee2C R\u1ed2I<\/i><\/b><i>.<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi duy\u1ec7t web th\u00ec proxy HTTP kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00e0 proxy HTTPS.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Proxy HTTPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 proxy SSL, proxy HTTPS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung gian ch\u1ec9 l\u1eafng nghe l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng 443. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS qua ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean, HTTPS m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua giao th\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau kh\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t trung gian, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 proxy HTTPS, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, proxy HTTPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TLS ho\u1eb7c SSL. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i dung, thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o HTTP. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9. Theo \u0111\u00f3, proxy HTTPS ph\u1ea3i m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, n\u1ebfu proxy HTTPS kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u00e0nh cho proxy chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung web.<\/p>\n<p>Proxy HTTPS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i proxy HTTPS:<\/p>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTPS<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTPS t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi internet. \u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTPS, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t proxy. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u00ean trung gian v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u1eeba m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 qua internet. Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP v\u00ec proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, c\u00f2n proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sang proxy. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp proxy HTTPS tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf tr\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp 443 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5ng m\u1ed7i khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o proxy HTTPS. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb macOS, h\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn <b>Proxy web an to\u00e0n (HTTPS) <\/b>t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn thay v\u00ec <b>Proxy Web (HTTP)<\/b>. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<h3><b>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua Proxy HTTPS an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng proxy HTTPS m\u1edf m\u1ed9t trang web c\u00f3 \u201cbi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a\u201d \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trang \u0111\u00edch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a (m\u00e3 h\u00f3a SSL):<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_469564\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469564\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-469564\" src=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png\" alt=\"K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua proxy HTTPS an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng.png 1200w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/scheme_3_2_1_2_eng-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-469564\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua proxy HTTPS an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean b\u00e0n ph\u00edm (th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, s\u1ed1 th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, v.v.), h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 video \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea3i l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n<p><i>Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t &lt;- &gt; HTTPS-Proxy &lt;-&gt; Trang \u0111\u00edch<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<h3><b>D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cL\u1eafng nghe\u201d l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p proxy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hack m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 trang web n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 qua t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a trang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat b\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Proxy HTTP so v\u1edbi Proxy HTTPS: \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>\u0110i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u1edf ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/li>\n<li>Proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua ch\u00fang<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c proxy l\u1eafng nghe l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp qua c\u1ed5ng<\/li>\n<li>Proxy ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00edch<\/li>\n<li>Proxy ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t web<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Proxy HTTP<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Proxy HTTPS<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>C\u1ed5ng<\/b><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng 80, 8080, 8008, 3128 ho\u1eb7c 3129<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng 443<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/b><\/td>\n<td>Proxy HTTP \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<td>Proxy HTTPS \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Giao th\u1ee9c<\/b><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c HTTP<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Giao th\u00f4ng<\/b><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe c\u1ea3 HTTP (qua c\u1ed5ng 80, 8080, 8008, 3128) v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS (qua c\u1ed5ng 3129)<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HTTPS qua c\u1ed5ng 443<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng proxy HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP v\u00e0 Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>R\u00fat tr\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung trang web<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/everything-you-need-to-know-about-web-scraping-6541b241f27e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">r\u00fat tr\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung trang web<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u web. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c bot n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web do chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c trang web l\u1edbn hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e9t nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. May m\u1eafn thay, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng proxy HTTP.<\/p>\n<p>Proxy HTTP h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua khi tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do proxy d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, proxy di \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c proxy trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u01a1n v\u00ec ch\u00fang che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00e1c, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea9n danh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ef1c kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5m. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 proxy d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. V\u1eady proxy HTTP v\u00e0 proxy HTTPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t web?<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, proxy HTTP ho\u1eb7c HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt. T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n), \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web) v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t. Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o danh t\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, proxy HTTP v\u00e0 proxy HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e9t web v\u00ec c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>L\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP ho\u1eb7c proxy m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u2013 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch HTTP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng kh\u00e1c 80, 8080, 8008, 3128 ho\u1eb7c 3129.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung m\u00e0 proxy HTTPS ho\u1eb7c HTTP s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t khi ki\u1ec3m tra l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n n\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n qua trung gian.<\/p>\n<h4><b>3. <\/b><b>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c\u00a0<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy HTTP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u0103n b\u1ea3n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay sang d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1eedi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng 3130, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd giao ti\u1ebfp v\u0103n b\u1ea3n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay v\u1edbi SSL.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, proxy HTTPS b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt li\u00ean l\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, proxy HTTPS th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h4><b>4. <\/b><b>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng proxy HTTP s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 HTTP. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP v\u00e0 Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>1. <\/b><b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ch\u1eb7n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h4><b>2. <\/b><b>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Web<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch web v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i ch\u00fang. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, qu\u00e9t ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h4><b>3. <\/b><b>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP v\u00e0 proxy m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 trang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web, cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 d\u00e0nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Proxy HTTP v\u00e0 proxy HTTPS l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trung gian h\u1eefu \u00edch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp Internet c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua. C\u00e1c proxy n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, qu\u00e9t web, v.v.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are many types of proxy servers. These types can be grouped by protocol, number of active users (shared proxies, private proxies, and virgin proxies), the type of IP address assigned (public or free proxies, residential proxies, mobile proxies, and data center proxies), and the IP version (IPv4 and IPv6 proxies). This article, however, shall [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":469574,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"kb-categories":[69,71],"class_list":["post-468695","knowledge-base","type-knowledge-base","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kb-categories-proxy-types","kb-categories-proxies-by-protocol"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge-base"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":469591,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge-base\/468695\/revisions\/469591"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/469574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=468695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kb-categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxycompass.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb-categories?post=468695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}