Non-Volatile (noun):
Non-volatile memory is an form of digital data storage that does not require the continuous presence of electric power or a refresh cycle in order to maintain its contents, unlike volatile memory such as RAM. Non-volatile memory holds its contents even when the power is turned off. As such, it is a form of computer memory storage that is commonly used for storage of data and programs.
Non-volatile memory includes ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, and some types of magnetic media. These memory types are available in a variety of storage capacities and device forms. It is commonly used for secondary storage and data retrieval, though non-volatile memory can also be used as an executive memory in computer processors.
Non-volatile memory is also used in embedded systems such as cell phones, factory controllers, and similar applications. This type of memory technology is well-suited for mission-critical operations, data storage, and replacement of traditional hard disks in areas such as industrial automation, medical equipment, and for smart cards.
Non-volatile memory offers advantages to many applications due to its deterministic read/write and mechanical stability, meaning it can operate even under extreme conditions such as dust, dirt, shock, vibration, rain, temperature, extreme pressure, and radiation. Additionally, many non-volatile memory products are suitable for hot-swapping, meaning they can be quickly replaced without powering down the connected system.
