Ransomware is a type of malicious software that is designed to deny access to files and systems until a ransom is paid. The data that is encrypted is often confidential data or information that is vital for operations. This type of malicious software often arrives in the form of a file attached to an email, a link within an email, or downloaded from an unknown website.
Once the ransomware has been downloaded it will typically deploy various techniques to install itself on a computer. These techniques can include exploiting known security flaws, injection techniques, or dropping a variety of additional malicious components such as keyloggers and rootkits. Once the ransomware has successfully installed itself onto the computer, the malicious software runs a series of tasks such as encrypting local files, manipulating existing security settings, or hijacking critical system operations.
Ransomware is quickly becoming one of the most common forms of cybercrime as its success comes from the fact that it goes beyond simple data theft and can cause financial and reputational damage to affected individuals and organizations. Furthermore, those behind ransomware campaigns can ask for varying amounts and types of payment, meaning victims may be forced to pay hundreds of dollars or even more in order to unlock their files and systems.
Ransomware can be triggered manually by cybercriminals or by the use of automated tools that leverage known security holes or phishing techniques in order to gain access to a victim’s computer. There are numerous types of known ransomware, and as such individuals and organizations should be vigilant when it comes to guarding against these attacks.
Fortunately, there are preventative measures that can be taken in order to prevent becoming a victim of these malicious attacks. IT teams should look to employ strong anti-virus and anti-malware software and regularly update their systems with the latest security patches. They should also be aware of phishing techniques, routinely back up data to external storage devices, and educate colleagues on ransomware and how to recognize it.
