SQL (Structured Query Language) is a domain-specific programming language used in programming and designed for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). It was originally developed in the early 1970s at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce.
SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases. It is a fourth-generation language (4GL) that uses English-like statements to query databases. The language is commonly used for data normalization and integration, as well as for creating and managing databases.
SQL is used in a variety of database management systems (DBMS), including Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft Access, Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE), Microsoft SQL Server, PostgresSQL, and others.
SQL syntax is composed of various clauses, which can be used together to perform a variety of tasks, such as selection, inserting, modifying, deleting, and managing data in a database. Common SQL statements include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, DROP, and GRANT.
Most modern RDBMSs support a wide variety of SQL features, such as triggers, stored procedures, user-defined functions, views, sequences, and transactions. SQL is also used to define data integrity constraints, such as primary keys, foreign keys, and check constraints.
SQL is widely used in database programming, and it is an important part of any system involving data manipulation, such as web-based applications. It is also used in data warehousing and business intelligence applications.
